kev11111111111111
Max Output Level: -57.5 dBFS
- Total Posts : 1772
- Joined: 2006/12/10 16:29:36
- Status: offline
Fugue Study ?
Hey, I've started studying fugue,and I'm following Fux's lesson on 2 part writing at the minute.Its really cool but theres a couple of things I'm not sure about,maybe someone on this forum can help out ? 1 He talks about using 3 cadences in the composition.The first on the V of the chord,and the second on the III,and the third on the tonic. This just doesn't make sense to me !! Surely the second cadence should be on the V so it leads home to the final ? Going from a III to a I sounds weak to me. 2 If the first part moves up a fifth,he says the second part that follows should move up a fourth as to not disturb the key / mode. Yet theres plenty of examples where he does leap by a fifth,and the second part imitates it excately the same ???? I understand the theory behind it,that you use this inversion to retain the feeling of the key - but why make rules in some cases and then break them in others ? Kev
|
Guitarhacker
Max Output Level: 0 dBFS
- Total Posts : 24398
- Joined: 2007/12/07 12:51:18
- Location: NC
- Status: offline
Re:Fugue Study ?
2010/05/17 08:20:29
(permalink)
My website & music: www.herbhartley.com MC4/5/6/X1e.c, on a Custom DAW Focusrite Firewire Saffire Interface BMI/NSAI "Just as the blade chooses the warrior, so too, the song chooses the writer "
|
tarsier
Max Output Level: -45 dBFS
- Total Posts : 3029
- Joined: 2003/11/07 11:51:35
- Location: 6 feet under
- Status: offline
Re:Fugue Study ?
2010/05/17 11:27:38
(permalink)
but why make rules in some cases and then break them in others ? Because music theory isn't a set of rules. It's a set of tools. You use the right tool for the right job. If you want it to sound like this then use that music theory tool. If you want it to sound like that then use the other one. You're not breaking the rules, you're using different tools. How do you know which tool to use? Practice. Find a good theory teacher. Analyze. Practice some more. Listen to everything. Practice. Fire your theory teacher if he isn't right for you. Listen. Practice. When you analyze music, don't try to come up with "what rules they used to write it" and "why did they break that rule". Bach (probably) didn't think about the rules when he wrote/improvised. He had a mastery of the compositional tools and knew how to apply them in creative ways. Consonance and dissonance are very relative. It's not about ii-V-I. It all depends on context. Sorry for the useless advice. Ignore it. Carry on.
|
kev11111111111111
Max Output Level: -57.5 dBFS
- Total Posts : 1772
- Joined: 2006/12/10 16:29:36
- Status: offline
Re:Fugue Study ?
2010/05/17 13:47:34
(permalink)
tarsier but why make rules in some cases and then break them in others ?
Because music theory isn't a set of rules. It's a set of tools. You use the right tool for the right job. If you want it to sound like this then use that music theory tool. If you want it to sound like that then use the other one. You're not breaking the rules, you're using different tools. How do you know which tool to use? Practice. Find a good theory teacher. Analyze. Practice some more. Listen to everything. Practice. Fire your theory teacher if he isn't right for you. Listen. Practice. When you analyze music, don't try to come up with "what rules they used to write it" and "why did they break that rule". Bach (probably) didn't think about the rules when he wrote/improvised. He had a mastery of the compositional tools and knew how to apply them in creative ways. Consonance and dissonance are very relative. It's not about ii-V-I. It all depends on context. Sorry for the useless advice. Ignore it. Carry on. Generally I'd agree that music theory isn't a set of rules,but in this context it is.This isn't free composition I'm talking about - it's exercises from a text book written by Fux and man this guy is a total CONTROL FREAK !!!!! I could ignore the rules sure,but then ultimately that sort of defeats the purpose - I may as well just be doing free composition ? Ultimately I want to apply it to jazz composition.I've picked up some really cool stuff like double counterpoint and imitation from doing these exercises that I'm dying now to put into a modern jazzey setting...but if I dive into it now,only understanding some of the principles ,it's like I'm limiting myself. I agree with you about Bach.Ultimately it was his personality that shined through and not some abstract set of rules. But even him wih his golden ears and funny wig...he still adhered to some principles eh ! Kev
|
spacey
Max Output Level: 0 dBFS
- Total Posts : 8769
- Joined: 2004/05/03 18:53:44
- Status: offline
Re:Fugue Study ?
2010/05/17 14:45:19
(permalink)
Kev, cadences are usually referred to as turnarounds in jazz and usually written as example, II-V-I - Of course there are many, many cadences. So it's important to know exactly what cadences or turnarounds one is discussing. It may be easier to answer your questions if you wrote them correctly. As in 1. you mention three turnarounds...V-I and III-I..(I'm guessing) ..and not sure what the third one is. 2. I didn't understand any of that but you said you did so all's cool there. And to try and answer your question, rules aren't broken they are replaced with other rules. The trick is to learn them so one can recognize when they have changed. You mentioned "weak" and that's cool. Some cadences are meant to be that way and it's good you're recognizing (hearing)that. When you compose and need a weak cadence you'll know what you're looking for. Hope this helps...and theory threads and I don't get along so I'm exiting before I get in trouble. (this is number 2 today so I'm on a thin limb lol)
|
tarsier
Max Output Level: -45 dBFS
- Total Posts : 3029
- Joined: 2003/11/07 11:51:35
- Location: 6 feet under
- Status: offline
Re:Fugue Study ?
2010/05/17 15:22:47
(permalink)
I never said to ignore the tools (rules). And I did say (perhaps not very clearly) to practice the tools (rules) a lot. And of course Bach knew the tools better than anyone. The tools are what enable you to write/play the music you want quickly and pretty much without effort. They are vitally important. But more important is to find a theory teacher who can teach you in the way you need to learn. I spent way too many years in college "learning" from piss poor theory teachers before I finally found a teacher who could truly explain theory to me in a way that I felt let me get it. I wasted a lot of time learning the rules of 18th century counterpoint through 20th century atonal serialism. Finally, when I found my mentor, I started to learn the tools of 18th century counterpoint through 20th century atonal serialism. For example: In college I'd get an assignment to do some 2 voice counterpoint. I'd do it, turn it in and get it marked up by a grad student/TA or maybe on a good day (or bad day) by the prof himself. The result? A piece of counterpoint with red marks on it indicating where I broke the rules. Amount-of-learning=0 Contrast with: I'm doing private study with my mentor. He asks for some 2 voice counterpoint. I do it, turn it in and then we discuss it. Perhaps these notes don't follow this particular rule, but why do they work? Maybe because of this line here that anticipates the intervals... Why does this cadence not feel particularly resolute, even though it's perfect? Maybe because the lines leading up don't set it up well... Discussion and back-and-forth and trying ideas. Amount-of-learning=8 So it sounds like in this context, following the rules are a very important part of the lesson that Fux is trying to teach. Does he respond to questions and discussion? That would be the first person to ask. Considering the state he's in at the moment, he's not likely to engage in much banter. So also ask yourself if he is a good fit for you. I do realize that you've asked for discussion on this topic here on this forum. But the state of music theory discussion here is about as lively as with Fux himself. Can you find a real life theory teacher somewhere? I'm just sharing my experience in learning theory. And I'm no great composer, so it might be best to ignore me. Seriously.
|
kev11111111111111
Max Output Level: -57.5 dBFS
- Total Posts : 1772
- Joined: 2006/12/10 16:29:36
- Status: offline
Re:Fugue Study ?
2010/05/17 15:41:06
(permalink)
spacey Kev, cadences are usually referred to as turnarounds in jazz and usually written as example, II-V-I - Of course there are many, many cadences. So it's important to know exactly what cadences or turnarounds one is discussing. It may be easier to answer your questions if you wrote them correctly. As in 1. you mention three turnarounds...V-I and III-I..(I'm guessing) ..and not sure what the third one is. 2. I didn't understand any of that but you said you did so all's cool there. And to try and answer your question, rules aren't broken they are replaced with other rules. The trick is to learn them so one can recognize when they have changed. You mentioned "weak" and that's cool. Some cadences are meant to be that way and it's good you're recognizing (hearing)that. When you compose and need a weak cadence you'll know what you're looking for. Hope this helps...and theory threads and I don't get along so I'm exiting before I get in trouble. (this is number 2 today so I'm on a thin limb lol) Hey ! Sorry pal I should of been clearer.The cadences in this exercise are meant to be 'penciled in' ahead and consist of 1 A cadence at the V.But aye not what you're thinking here in terms of the classic V to I.Its more a V of a V.If the fugue begins in G then the first cadence is on the D.You're not meant to use accidentals though so I guess thats an Am (ii) to D7 (V),but other chords would work too. 2 The second cadence is at the iii.In G thats a Bm7.Again you could use any chord to fall on the Bm7. Maybe a F sharp dim or watever works ? 3 The final cadence is aimed at the I,so typically a V to I cadence would work But what I'm confused about is this kind of structure.To me it would seem more logical to cadence at the iii in the middle of the piece,and then use the V of V cadence right before the last cadence ??? !! There must be a reason why the exercise are set the way they are...but it's doing my nut in trying to work it out !! Kev
|
skullsession
Max Output Level: -57.5 dBFS
- Total Posts : 1765
- Joined: 2006/12/05 10:32:06
- Location: Houston, TX, USA
- Status: offline
Re:Fugue Study ?
2010/05/17 15:44:22
(permalink)
Fugue this. Stand back while I windmill this A chord!
HOOK: Skullsessions.com / Darwins God Album "Without a doubt I would have far greater listening and aural skills than most of the forum members here. Not all but many I am sure....I have done more listening than most people." - Jeff Evans on how awesome Jeff Evans is.
|
kev11111111111111
Max Output Level: -57.5 dBFS
- Total Posts : 1772
- Joined: 2006/12/10 16:29:36
- Status: offline
Re:Fugue Study ?
2010/05/17 16:09:41
(permalink)
tarsier I never said to ignore the tools (rules). And I did say (perhaps not very clearly) to practice the tools (rules) a lot. And of course Bach knew the tools better than anyone. The tools are what enable you to write/play the music you want quickly and pretty much without effort. They are vitally important. But more important is to find a theory teacher who can teach you in the way you need to learn. I spent way too many years in college "learning" from piss poor theory teachers before I finally found a teacher who could truly explain theory to me in a way that I felt let me get it. I wasted a lot of time learning the rules of 18th century counterpoint through 20th century atonal serialism. Finally, when I found my mentor, I started to learn the tools of 18th century counterpoint through 20th century atonal serialism. For example: In college I'd get an assignment to do some 2 voice counterpoint. I'd do it, turn it in and get it marked up by a grad student/TA or maybe on a good day (or bad day) by the prof himself. The result? A piece of counterpoint with red marks on it indicating where I broke the rules. Amount-of-learning=0 Contrast with: I'm doing private study with my mentor. He asks for some 2 voice counterpoint. I do it, turn it in and then we discuss it. Perhaps these notes don't follow this particular rule, but why do they work? Maybe because of this line here that anticipates the intervals... Why does this cadence not feel particularly resolute, even though it's perfect? Maybe because the lines leading up don't set it up well... Discussion and back-and-forth and trying ideas. Amount-of-learning=8 So it sounds like in this context, following the rules are a very important part of the lesson that Fux is trying to teach. Does he respond to questions and discussion? That would be the first person to ask. Considering the state he's in at the moment, he's not likely to engage in much banter. So also ask yourself if he is a good fit for you. I do realize that you've asked for discussion on this topic here on this forum. But the state of music theory discussion here is about as lively as with Fux himself. Can you find a real life theory teacher somewhere? I'm just sharing my experience in learning theory. And I'm no great composer, so it might be best to ignore me. Seriously. No,you have made some great points there - particulary about the talk beyond the grave with poor old Fux haha !! (God bless his control freaking soul) - :) A teacher would be the best bet sure,I really envy you having a tutor lol - but I can't afford it at the moment. I do enjoy the challenge of self-study though - it's just every now and again I feel myself tripping and I'm like do I really understand this idea or that idea ? Granted it's not all relevant,and maybe some of the concepts will never see the light of day,but I definately feel like theres some good (albeit old and crusty lol) principles to pull out of that hat.Thanks for your post, Kev
|
rumleymusic
Max Output Level: -60 dBFS
- Total Posts : 1533
- Joined: 2006/08/23 18:03:05
- Location: California
- Status: offline
Re:Fugue Study ?
2010/05/24 13:48:49
(permalink)
Fux was most well known for his text on species counterpoint. His other writings on Fugue and 18th century are not so well received, probably for good reason. He was still adhering to 16th-17th century harmonic principals that we are not used to. There are better books out there in my opinion, Walter Piston or Kent Kennan counterpoint books are probably the most widely used.
|
kev11111111111111
Max Output Level: -57.5 dBFS
- Total Posts : 1772
- Joined: 2006/12/10 16:29:36
- Status: offline
Re:Fugue Study ?
2010/05/30 06:01:56
(permalink)
hi Rumley Yeah I'm aware there are other writers - I believe Fux's method is a good starting point though,as it seems to begin where his species counterpoint method finished.I am planning on looking at other writers at some point,so thanks for dropping some names for me ! K
|
kev11111111111111
Max Output Level: -57.5 dBFS
- Total Posts : 1772
- Joined: 2006/12/10 16:29:36
- Status: offline
Re:Fugue Study ?
2010/05/30 10:11:49
(permalink)
rumleymusic Fux was most well known for his text on species counterpoint. His other writings on Fugue and 18th century are not so well received, probably for good reason. He was still adhering to 16th-17th century harmonic principals that we are not used to. There are better books out there in my opinion, Walter Piston or Kent Kennan counterpoint books are probably the most widely used. I checked out the Kent Kennan book and theres some good stuff in BWT,thanks K
|
jsaras
Max Output Level: -49 dBFS
- Total Posts : 2642
- Joined: 2003/12/07 10:40:00
- Location: Pasadena, CA-The Center of the Universe!
- Status: offline
Re:Fugue Study ?
2010/05/30 11:06:48
(permalink)
You can find a nice summary of the Fux counterpoint book here: http://thereelscore.com/PortfolioStuff/PDFFiles/CounterPointFux.pdf You can also get the Goetschius counterpoint book for free from Google books. If your goal is to use counterpoint within a jazz context you probably don't need to go through all the anguish of studying all the traditional counterpoint stuff. I would probably just think of writing voice-led triadic structures in the treble (including the generous use of "upper structure" triads). Then, dress up the triads using substitute tones (2 for 1, 2 for 3, 6 for 5, 7 for 8, or 6>7 >8). Note that all of these are reversible and you can often do two of these alterations at the same time. The next step would be to use different rhythms for each voice (suspensions and anticipations). You could then look to add some chromaticism in here as well. The only thing to be watchful for is creating a b9 interval against the bass unless you are writing a 7b9 chord, and you would generally want a b7 in that structure. A b9 can be OK as a unaccented passing tone in other situations, but I don't write them often. Once you have a handle on this it's not that difficult to write 4 or 5-part invertible fuges if that's what you want to do, but that goes beyond the scope of a forum post.
post edited by jsaras - 2010/05/30 11:09:07
|