Recording great tracks in a bedroom

There are reflexion filters for mics. I do things electronically. That means that the new guitar amp I bought has a headphone output that simulates the cabinet sound and can be used to record with (without micing the amp and all of that).
 
Then there are channel strips and EQ and stuff such as that.
 

Hardwood floors but the room is so small that the majority is bed.  Foam on ceiling and walls except one.  Feeling that I have crappy resonances happening.  If you listen to this track I finished yesterday, you can hear awful noise on the mandolin and in parts the vox show crappy frequencies.  Trying to clean this up tonight.
 
https://soundcloud.com/sunny-zaman1/ho-hey

We record vocals in the corner of our small studio, with a king sized duvet hung on the wall right in the corner (singer faces OUT). This helps to prevent reflections bouncing off the walls and into the mic.
 
We also use a Reflexion filter in front of the mic to cut out computer noises etc.

I also work in an untreated room. I can set here and hear dogs barking, traffic on the road, the air conditioner, the vibration of the attic ventilation fans, and all sorts of sound that I don't want on my tracks.  The 2 things you mentioned are not even, nor have they ever been, on my list of concerns when recording to get good tracks.
 
Here in the studio, I just record and listen to the tracks..... if I hear the truck or the dog, I will record it again. I have one song where you can hear my wife down stairs in the room below laying out a sheet of plastic she was working with. It's barely noticeable..... but I hear it in that song. Essentially, I don't worry too much about the computer fans and the dogs.... if I did, I'd never get a thing done.
 
The example song you gave was kinda thin sounding. I know it sounds kinda cliche, but you should keep working at perfecting the sound and recording techniques in the space you have to work with. It takes time to get things sounding good. It took me quite some time to be happy...or at least satisfied with my vocal recording and acoustic guitar & mandolin. I still have more to work on, but it took some time, experimentation, and patience to get to here.
 
You write good songs..... I generally like to hear your songs..... and it will take time, focused time and study and work to get the process of recording to the point you start to become satisfied with your efforts. You are far from beginner so don't misunderstand me.... you need consistency and that will come by doing.
 
just because you may have a nice mic, doesn't automatically mean you will capture superb tracks..... it's about learning HOW to work with the gear.  Focus more on mic placement in relation to the instrument or vocal....Obviously, you don't want to stand facing a corner, but really, I don't even consider reflections in this room when recording.  When I first plugged in my Rode NT2-A and recorded the first track..... to say I was disappointed would be an understatement.  A $400 mic is supposed to sound good...right? At least better than the $99 SM-58....But...It sounded about like the old SM-58 I had used previously. With time, and experimenting, and study, and patience, I have learned a few things that now.... I seem to automatically get a much better take first time through.... And it sounds like a totally different mic now. It's still the same, but I have learned a few things on how to use it.
 
Realizing that you need to have better tracks is actually the first step in getting to that place where better tracks come naturally. Keep working and recording and writing and it will happen. A man much wiser than I said..... "Seek and you will find, Knock and it will be opened to you"