I would say it's simple, but daunting. IOW the actual ways to change the colors is easy, but actually deciding which elements to change, how they change, and how deep you want to go, gets you into the weeds pretty fast.
Some things are easy to change, like background colors. Others require working with an image editor. Creating a new theme from scratch is not for the faint of heart, but making a few tweaks isn't hard if you know how to use an image editing program.