Let me try....
1) make sure the sampling rate is set the SAME between Sonar and your interface. Are they the same?
2) make sure in SONAR'S PREFERENCES, your MIDI CONTROLLER is chosen under DEVICES - INPUTS and your interface is chosen under OUTPUTS. If your MIDI controller isn't chosen, under INPUTS, you won't hear anything. That's the device that's feeding into Sonar.
3) are there any settings on the keyboard/MIDI controller that have to be set to use in a program such as Sonar? For example, maybe there's a "mode" button or something that you have to click? That's an actual synth with actual sounds on board, right? But, it can be used as a controller, too? Maybe you have to go into a different mode?
4) Have you tried a different USB port? Sounds dumb, but I had a very frustrating problem with my interface a few weeks ago, almost threw my entire setup out the window! Cakewalk tech guy suggested trying a different USB port.... it worked! Couldn't believe it!