I am seeing similar things with the VS-700 when bouncing a clip to a new track, but interestingly it does not happen when exporting tracks/buses or freezing synths (which is at least IMHO a very similar process) ... all audio in Sonar goes silent, but meters indicate playback which however does not get output by the interface ... usually, closing Sonar and starting Sonar again get audio back. On a very few occasions I could get it back by changing ASIO buffer settings and thus forcing some sort of audio interface reset ...
Unfortunately I can't offer any better advice on how to fix this, but I believe this has got something to do with the Roland audio drivers (otherwise there would be a lot more people complaining).
If you have a small project where you can 100% reproduce this, I would pass it in to Cakewalk support ... if the problem is within Cake's reach, there is a good chance to get it fixed, if it is on Roland's side I wouldn't have any hopes really ...