Change the Edit Filter back to Clips (Shift+click on the clip will do this as well) after creating/editing the automation.
 
As for Gain, there was a long discussion recently about the fact that the "Gain" knob in an Instrument track actually controls MIDI Velocity Offset. You can temporarily split the Instrument track to get access to the audio gain, or you can use MIDI volume (accessible via the MIDI tab of the Track Inspector) to raise/lower the output of the synth.