ASIO4ALL is not the best option, but still I have not seen a card which can not do 192 samples with it under SONAR (on computers which you will not consider to use even for reading e-mails).
Still it is better to get the original Line6 ASIO driver first.
How do you come to 512? Do you have "cracks" with lower settings?
Please wait a bit after SONAR startup till tests. Especially in case you have "every time VST scan" enabled.
1) May be stupid advise, but I still have to mention that: check that you really using ASIO driver model in SONAR.
2) Check that you use the same settings, the frequency and the resolution (44.1/48/96, 16/24).
3) Also check that all other audio devices are disabled in SONAR.