Interesting insights Glenn - so if I understand correctly, each node is individually a little Helmholz resonator, and it's the way that the nodes couple in space that creates the diffuser effect? That would help to explain why a practical design is so elusive, because the interactions resulting from that coupling would be very complex indeed!
For reference, here is a link to the technical paper from the article:
https://journals.aps.org/prx/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevX.7.021034 On cursory review, it appears that their design is based upon simulations, using numerical sequences that randomize the phases at different frequencies. They do present results from both simulations and actual measurements, both for the (old) Schroeder and (new) Meta-Schroeder, along with those from a flat plate (response plots with line traces and points plotted, respectively.) The measurements seem to roughly agree with simulations, sometimes remarkably well (considering), and sometimes not quite so much. I did not dive too deeply into their measurement setups and methods, but like you say, the next big step would really be to translate these lab experiments into a real-world studio and then compare the results.
Anyway, Acoustics as a topic is fascinating to me, especially with the amount of engineering that goes into those simple-looking passive control devices like traps, diffusers, resonators, etc. I'm really more of a circuits/algorithms sort of fellow, so I basically have an armchair-distance kind of respect!