You can do that with Sonar X3 or Music Creator.
As Kalle noted, the staff view is not sophisticated, but it is functional.
Essentially, you enter your notes in the staff view, which is actually MIDI data.
This, in turn, is sent to a soft synth, which plays the notes.
Depending on the soft synth, some instruments may be more convincing than others.
If you are just looking to get a general idea of how a song will sound, it's pretty easy.
If you want a more elaborate rendition, it can still be done, but will take more effort on your part.
Are you wanting to present a song to real musicians, or do you want a fully rendered production?