Well, one problem solved, many more to go...
I found out, through trial and error, that the reason I couldn't see the recorded data is that it only appears if you record it on the midi track, not on the instrument (drum) track. This strikes me as really weird, because if I only arm the instrument track, and then record, you'll hear it but you won't see anything. The thing to do is to arm the midi track- then you can hear it AND see it. Another strange thing: if I arm BOTH the instrument track and the midi track, I get 2 recordings, but they are not in sync. I can distinctly hear 2 drum sounds for every midi note.
Thanks everyone for your input, I really appreciate it.