Sounds like an incomplete installation but I can only provide specific answers for X3 Producer. In addition to a version specific folder, Cakewalk Content should have MIDI loops in "C:\Cakewalk Content\MIDI Library."
BTW, while the arpeggiator can load ptn files, the preset for it have an arp extension. The X3 Producer default for these files is " C:\Cakewalk Content\SONAR X3 Producer\Arpeggiator Patterns."
There should be a version specific folder for each version of SONAR in "Cakewalk Content." There should also be folders for audio and MIDI libraries. The actual location of "Cakewalk Content" is installation dependent. May want to check the path in
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Cakewalk Music Software "ContentDir"