There are a few points which you need to address.
First of all, the only time you ever dither is when going from a higher bit depth (24) to a lower one (16 bit)
Secondly, very few media players support 24 bit playback (Windows Media Player certainly doesn't) so you are correct in mixing down to 16 bit.
This is when you add dither for the one and only time Third, in order to test your mix, when you've exported it, re-import it back into SONAR into the same project but on it's own track and A/B between your mix and the export.
You can set this up quite easily.
First, route the export directly to your Main Outs (Interface), bypassing your Master Buss and any Fx which might be on.
Then using exclusive solo, switch between the 2. There should be zero difference in quality. If this is the case then all of your problems can be attributed to your monitoring chain, i.e. everything outside of SONAR