I just built (2 months ago) a new Z170 system using an ASUS motherboard and an i7 6700K CPU. The new motherboard only has PCIe slots (and only USB 3.0 ports on the rear I/O Panel). I have three PCIe cards installed, two USB 2.0 port cards and a Firewire 400/800 card, they are all recognized and work properly. I use the Firewire interface for my MOTU 896mk3 Hybrid.
Did the MOTU PCIe card work in an different PC? Looking on the MOTU site, this card was released in 2006 which was the Win XP days and way before Z170 or even Z77 motherboards.