Well, trying to follow this thread and it seems to me a good way to go (with all the external synth inputs) is a separate, analog mixer (even line mixer) fed into a garden variety interface with several inputs. You are making life hard by trying to find a 24 input interface with effects and little latency and that runs out of the box and is cheap. I guess so, but you are really stacking up the qualifiers. And one thing I've learned, every piece of hardware added to a system is a potential source of problems.
My old TC 48 interface might match your qualifications, although you would need an ADAT AD to get up to the 22 inputs. It has 12 AD inputs including 4 mic pres, 1 x ADAT and Spdif each. The latency was down below 4 ms via FW. And it has great, usable effects. And it should be stackable with other TC stuff, tho I've never tried that.
Re: RME hardware. Their early stuff used to be modular - you bought a pci card with various analog/digital connectors on it and daughter cards, then added ADDA. Now they are mostly MADI and USB which plug into your computer and their hardware units come with digital in/outs for further expansion (or via MADI, Dante).
Re: Presonus. A long time ago I had their original FireStation unit. It was great - the first affordable 8 track digital interface, but Yamaha built it (I think) and definitely wrote the FireWire (mLan) drivers. After a year or so they updated the Station and bricked my unit (and others) with a firmware upgrade for it. I ended up kicking up a fuss about the time of one of the major trade shows, writing online about both companies products (as well as to the Presidents of both companies). The next week I was contacted by both. And fortunately, both companies were coming out with new units and so they tried to make me happy (and shut me up) and I got the better deal on a new Firepod from Presonus. So I don't have anything bad to say about them, since as far as I could tell their hardware got shafted by Yamaha mLAN drivers.