I've done similar experiments, although in my case I had the luxury of 4-track open-reel tapes and was able to track down my old 3340S and borrow it back temporarily. Results were mixed. In most cases, I just stole my original melodies and chord progressions and re-recorded the whole thing.
Surgical EQ, like Wookie says, is the first stop. One trick is to clone a track that has multiple instruments on it and separate them using equalization. It doesn't have to be just HP on one and LP on the other. Complementary EQ with multiple bands can isolate instruments that might at first seem inextricably intertwined. I have managed to separate individual drums from a full drum track, generate MIDI from them and then reconstitute the whole thing using samples.
I prefer a dynamic EQ for these things, as it can be much more transparent. Set gain reduction on the fundamental for the snare, for example, and you can greatly reduce it without affecting other things on the track. The ringing and the decay from the snares will be partly masked, so you may only need to attenuate the first couple of milliseconds.
If the track is drums + bass, a fast-acting compressor with a filtered sidechain can be used to hide the kick. Fast attack, fast release, and dial in the sidechain filter to the kick's fundamental. This will attenuate the initial kick hit but only sacrifice a small portion of the bass' attack, which probably won't be noticed after you've replaced the original kick with samples.
Try a gate, multi-band gate or multi-band compressor on the over-reverbed guitar. I once pulled this off with surprising ease and efficacy using a plugin from Wave Arts called
Multidynamics5. If I were doing it today, I'd probably go for Meldaproductions'
MMultibandDynamics plugin. It's a do-all multi-band gate/comp/expander. Wait for it to go on sale, though, as it's kinda spendy at $185.
Noise reduction is best handled by an audio editor, not EQ. I use Adobe Audition 3 for this, which works quite well as long as you have some lead-in to provide a snippit of pure noise as a reference.
Have fun!