I remember music lessons at school where the teacher would bring in one of those little portable turntables (wooden box with oval shaped speaker on front), he'd put on some Debussy or Peter and the Wolf or something and we'd discuss what the composer was trying to convey and what was going on in the score. I doubt they do that much anymore.
Also, we'd sing songs as a group from the sheet music, and even if you'd never read a note in your life, you could follow the melody from a combination of listening to everyone else and observing how much the notes went up or down. Somehow we all managed to sing the right tune.
I also remember a music teacher at age 10, around 1983 or so, who played us reggae and gave us these cool textbooks that had pop quizzes about Bob Marley and Peter Tosh. We also sang a lot of Beatles songs. Sad if kids aren't getting music lessons like that now.