I am not clear on what keyboard combinations are giving you trouble. There are several sources of fixed key actions that may be affecting a Windows system.
The first are Windows Logo key combinations (aka hotkeys) require the Windows Logo Key in combination with something else. These should not be happening unless the Windows key is pressed.
You might have inadvertently turned on Ease of Access (aka sticky keys) key responses.
The fact that you were able to mute your computer inadvertently suggests you may be dealing with a BIOS coded response that is common in laptops where one of the function keys controls the machine. Look for little icons on the function F1--F12 keys and check your computer manual. Typically these will be activated by another key (ctrl, Alt) in combination.
http://windows.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/keyboard-shortcuts#keyboard-shortcuts=windows-7