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2 I didnt understand this. I know the bass has overtones,but I always thought it was the first three overtones of the bass that were the most important ? 400 hz is just a little higher than middle e on a piano ?? Its not in the bass range anymore??
when we are talking about the frequencies of the instrument, yes, the first three overtones are important. however, the ear picks out the
music of the bass (vs. the
sound) around 400hz. this goes back to the psychoacoustic effect where the brain fills in frequencies - it has to know something is there before it can fill it in. if the energy of your bass is all below 200-300hz, there's nothing to pick up on. but get some mids on it, and maybe some growl around 1000-1500hz, and it will come to life.
you may notice only a slight difference in your monitoring speakers, but those bits will translate to your laptop speakers much better. essentially, your goal is to get the mix to translate on just about anything. you do that by defining the character of each instrument throughout its frequency range. usually, this is best accomplished by getting rid of the parts that you don't need. as you strip away those parts away, the nature of the instrument as you perceive it is more revealed. it also gives the other instruments their own space.
right now, i'm thinking of adele's "rolling in the deep". you could take that song from a club to a rusty pickup with both speakers blown and
nothing important will change. that is because the musicality of the song, the essence of what it is, comes from everything that's in it. as long as you can hear even part of the frequency spectrum, that will come through.
obviously, that has a lot to do with way more than EQ, frequencies and overtones, and that is the point of this mini-rant.