vanblah
I didn't think we were talking about the history of music in America, I thought we were talking about music theory.
Music theory, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, is (the study of) the theoretical aspects of music and its notation, esp. as opposed to actual performance.
The theory does not change based on the style of music you are studying.
Just because classical music didn't have a backbeat or use so-called blue notes doesn't mean that the theory is different. Music theory is a theory that can be applied to all forms of music. That's why it's called a theory. It really has no practical use in performance. I can't think of any instance where I analyzed somthing while I was actually playing it ... nor can I think of any instance where I analyzed it while I was writing it. Theory has always come after--especially, if I'm having to explain something that I've written.
Forgive me if I'm wrong.
Two sides to this:
When you say you don't analyze until after the fact:
For me, I think that I do while I write, but it's more a PBE analysis as opposed the composer analysis. Take improvisation. Improvisers have tons of things swirling in their heads despite the listener being unaware (if they aren't knowledgeable to some extent) I watched a video on YT and the pianist was explaining the five harmonic systems used when improvising. At the end, he tried to evoke all five techniques in one tune. Of course, it slowed him down since he was thinking about it, but for obvious reasons. I've seen the same done in regards to reharmonization. So many techniques in one tune.
It's the same with a structured piece. You learn all of this stuff and should be able to write a tune in no time because you're not thinking about it; however, not thinking about and knowing what you're doing so you needn't are two different things. The Improviser vs. The Noodler. The Composer vs. The Aural Spitball.
OTOH, analysis can come beforehand:
Let's say you're attempting a piece on piano. You want to study it extensively before you play it - especially if you're a beginner pianist and/or sight-reader. You could either provide a harmonic analysis, then play, but you wanna hear the piece with your inner ear if you haven't analyzed it. "I know what these chords are and know how they will sound." Now, sit down and play - getting it perfect the first time or after plenty of mistakes is not the point.
Apparently the composer/theorist vs. performer divide still exist as does the PBE/SE divide. It's assumed that "structured music" performers don't analyze while playing. I beg to differ. They may not be analyzing chord symbols - if any are present - or how the music is progressing, but they are analyzing appropriate markings, then thinking how to execute this on said instrument. As does the improviser when looking at a leadsheet. (What will I do here? as opposed to being told - other than "make sure to maintain the melody")
But yes, theory comes afterwards upon explanation, that doesn't mean it's not obtained before the explanations are given. You have to know what you're doing/talking about. People can tell when you don't. "That person was fantastic! You're just noodling!" However, noodling is the basis for improvisation! Just like doing such on an instrument is the basis for actually playing it! Theory (ie: Composition/Improvisation) takes as much if not more practice as performing such.