• SONAR
  • Terminology and Definitions
2013/11/22 09:43:07
rontarrant
Hi All,
There seem to be a lot of terms and gadgets talked about on this forum that aren't defined, like everyone knows what they mean except me. I'm not seeing this as a conspiracy, but as my general ignorance. I've tried Googling, but with only limited results.
 
For instance, SSL, from what I've found, means Solid State Logic, but is that how it's meant when talking about an 'SSL board?' And why is the 'SSL' part significant? Aren't all boards 'SSL?' I would think a tube-based board would be far too bulky to bother with, unless that's just something so outdated no one even talks about them any more.
 
Or am I really getting the wrong end of the stick here and SSL is NOT the opposite of tube? Not only that, but am I misinterpreting what is meant by 'board' as well? Is an SSL board not actually a mixer of some kind, but something else entirely?
 
Here are some other things I don't really get:
 
1) PC4K: is this a brand name, a third-party company that builds Sonar plugins, a device/gadget type (sort of equivalent to convertible, sedan, or sports coupe in the car world) or just a sort-of sub-brand of Sonar plugin?
 
2) Is "Concrete Limiter" a generic term or a name specific to a Sonar plugin? What's the significance of the 'concrete' part of this term? Is it equating the actions of this limiter to hitting a brick wall, like "nothing gets past this point," that kind of thing?
 
3) What exactly is a transient? I read several definitions, but frankly, I'm still leaning toward thinking it's a homeless person. Is it some part of a signal that needs to be controlled? If so, what part of the signal is it? How do I recognize it? Are transients to be feared? Why are they called 'transients?' Exactly how do they mess things up? Are they the initial attack? If so, why aren't they just called initial attacks? Or are they some other part of the signal that happens at a random place, not necessarily at the beginning?
 
And finally, is there a site, forum, book or PDF file that explains what various things are used for? Gates? Limiters (concrete or otherwise)? Exciter? Compander? Leveler? Trackbox? Shaper (isn't this just another name for an EQ)? Modulator? I'm working my way through "Audio Engineering 101," and it talks a bit about these things, but still seems to be leaving out some really basic stuff.
 
For now, I won't even ask about things like: A Generated Mess, BIG SWEEPY, Boomerang Hangover and Duck Duck Goose, but sometime soon, I think I'll have to.
 
Any information will be welcomed.
2013/11/22 10:24:58
Kalle Rantaaho
I used to find a lot of useful info at www.tweakheadz.com when I tried to update my knowledge after a long break in DAW hobbying.
2013/11/22 11:10:13
rontarrant
Kalle Rantaaho
I used to find a lot of useful info at www.tweakheadz.com when I tried to update my knowledge after a long break in DAW hobbying.

Thanks, Kalle. I'll take a look.
I'm facing more or less the same thing, coming back to DAW and music in general after an absence. Although I did do some recording about five years ago, I didn't really bother trying to understand any of this in depth, just hit 'R' and went for it.
 
As for music, I was a working musician off and on for about eight years and even made a living at it for about nine months. I also did a stint as a sound reinforcement specialist in a music store back then, but I really wasn't that educated in this stuff then, either. On top of that, I did live sound mixing for about a year or so, as well. It's amazing how much you can do just trusting your ears, but these days, after damaging my hearing, I find myself needing a deeper understanding so I can compensate.
 
Yeah, I know. You didn't ask.
2013/11/22 12:12:12
brundlefly
0) SSL is a console manufacturer: http://www.solid-state-logic.com/
 
1) PC is ProChannel, and 4K is a reference to the SSL 4000 console that it is intended to emulate.
 
2) Yes, I believe "Concrete" is supposed to be a reference to the hardness of the limit.
 
3) A transient is any rapid change in peak-to-peak amplitude of a signal from low to high and (usually) back down again in a short period. And yes, it is generally found as the attack portion of a sound, but could also be a pop from a vinyl recording or other noise. As used in SONAR, it generally refers to the point at which a sound begins which is important to identify and control in order to adjust/preserve musical timing and get smooth transitions when splitting or stretching audio to move sounds around.
 
 
 
 
2013/11/22 14:45:40
rontarrant
Thanks, Brundlefly. That clears up a lot of questions for me.
 
I've read (and also heard in tutorials) that transients need to be 'tamed.' Is it fair to assume that would be done mostly with a compressor?
 
2013/11/22 14:57:01
brundlefly
Glad to help. Yes, "taming" transients with a compressor allows you to raise the RMS (Root Mean Square "Average") signal level in the mix to increase perceived loudness without clipping the peaks. 
2013/11/22 16:04:43
Bristol_Jonesey
And finally, is there a site, forum, book or PDF file that explains what various things are used for? Gates? Limiters (concrete or otherwise)? Exciter? Compander? Leveler? Trackbox? Shaper (isn't this just another name for an EQ)? Modulator? I'm working my way through "Audio Engineering 101," and it talks a bit about these things, but still seems to be leaving out some really basic stuff.

 
I thoroughly recommend the following books:
 
http://www.amazon.co.uk/Mixing-Audio-Concepts-Practices-Tools/dp/0240520688
 
http://www.amazon.co.uk/Mixing-Secrets-Small-Studio-Senior/dp/0240815807
 
http://www.amazon.com/Mixing-Your-Mind-Michael-Stavrou/product-reviews/0646428756
 
http://www.amazon.co.uk/Mastering-Audio-The-Art-Science/dp/0240808371
 
Between them, they cover everything you will ever need to know apart from pure audio theory & acoustics.
 
 
2013/11/22 18:25:28
rontarrant
brundlefly
Glad to help. Yes, "taming" transients with a compressor allows you to raise the RMS (Root Mean Square "Average") signal level in the mix to increase perceived loudness without clipping the peaks. 


So, it would also be okay to use a compressor on a vocal track where the singer's level drifts up and down multiple times by as much as 6 db?
Or is that a case where it's better to do clip automation? Trouble is, the variations in volume sometimes come in the middle of words. It's a decent enough performance; it's just the volume level that's wonky.
2013/11/22 18:29:53
rontarrant
Bristol_Jonesey
I thoroughly recommend the following books:
http://www.amazon.co.uk/Mixing-Audio-Concepts-Practices-Tools/dp/0240520688
http://www.amazon.co.uk/Mixing-Secrets-Small-Studio-Senior/dp/0240815807
http://www.amazon.com/Mixing-Your-Mind-Michael-Stavrou/product-reviews/0646428756
http://www.amazon.co.uk/Mastering-Audio-The-Art-Science/dp/0240808371
Between them, they cover everything you will ever need to know apart from pure audio theory & acoustics.


Cool. Thanks very much, Jonesey. Which, in your opinion, is the best to read first?
2013/11/22 22:20:06
Leadfoot
rontarrant
So, it would also be okay to use a compressor on a vocal track where the singer's level drifts up and down multiple times by as much as 6 db?Or is that a case where it's better to do clip automation? Trouble is, the variations in volume sometimes come in the middle of words. It's a decent enough performance; it's just the volume level that's wonky.

Not only is compression on the vocals okay, it's standard practice. You definitely need to level out the soft and loud spots. Just don't overdo it. You need to maintain some of the dynamics to keep it sounding natural.
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