amiller
1) What's the best procedure for using Audio Snap to move transients in a midi clip?
That's a trick question, right? MIDI clips don't have transients.
But if you're asking about audio clips, the answer is "It depends on what you're goal is".
2) What's the difference between long and short transient markers?
Marker length is supposed to be proportional to audio amplitude, but sometimes it's not so accurate.
3) Some of the transients can only be moved in one direction and not the other...why?
Could be a bug, or it could be that there's a hidden transient marker (possibly superfluous) so nearby that you can't move the marker much at all without exceeding stretch limits (25% to 400%); try zooming in to see any markers that might not be appearing at the current zoom level.