Hi,
A couple things to consider - have you exported to a .WAV and see how that sounds?
Many times, this is due to something in your audio export settings or the way you have tracks being routed.
1. First - make sure all your tracks output to the master bus & the master bus outputs to your audio interface.
2. Within the export settings, ensure you select audio output as your source. Sometimes this is set to 'full mix' (or something like that), which winds up summing your busses, making some FX busses much louder in the resulting export.
3. Another (potentially unrelated issue) are you using 64 bit Sonar with an older 32 bit MP3 encoder? I recall when upgrading to X1 (and 64 bit), the older mp3 cakewalk encoder I previously had wouldn't work - Cakewalk support sent me a new 64 bit one.
Hope that helps.
Russ