I have gotten that error with my SSD and it fixed itself by either simply shutting down and restarting, or popping in a Windows repair disk and shutting down (not repairing, because it was the wrong version on the disk). This happened maybe 7 times in a 3 year period.
Two things with mine - first, my SSD had a firmware update that was a PITA to install (Patriot Wildfire), so I ran for 3 years without it - however, I do not think this was the issue (and may not be for you either).
Second, the Master Boot Record (MBR) can get hosed and is on a hidden partition. I recall you asking about imaging an old drive and if the MBR was included it may not jive with the new drive. I reloaded this system from scratch last July and specifically formatted both partitions to ensure the MBR was gone, and not seen anything similar since. There are utilities to dig into (and repair) the MBR which gave me a temporary fix, but the issue didn't disappear until a clean installation.
Are your problem drives coming from an image of a previous drive? If so, was the MBR part of the re-imaging?
Not saying this *is* the issue, but if the drive is not seen, the MBR is a possible suspect.