James Argo
Few things to consider when you tracking more than 8 tracks simultaeously:
1. Make sure you use SSD instead of HDD. In laptop, HDD is VERY slow, it will lag your system and gives you high latency issue.
2. Make sure the USB port used to connect audio interface is at least USB 2.0 , and not chainned with other USB devices.
I have never recorded 12 simultaneous audio tracks with laptop (I use PC for more than 4 simultaneous tracking), but even my old core2duo with 8GB DDR2 laptop can easily record 4 simultaneous 24 / 44.1 easily. So I bealieve any new processor (i5 and above) is not a problem.
+1 to this.
If all you're doing is tracking, then I/O bottlenecks are what you need to avoid. So (i) a fast hard disk (SSD), and (ii) A decent USB 2.0 interface, preferably with nothing else sharing it.
For the USB side, check the specs of the laptop to see if the USB interfaces are separate or not. Most laptops offer more than one USB slot, but with some cheaper laptops these are basically a USB hub rather than separate ports. It might not be an issue, but you're better off with dedicated ports.
CPU speed should not really be an issue. For what it's worth, back when I was using Pro Audio 7 and a Yamaha DSP Factory card, I could record 16 simultaneous tracks on a 166Mhz Pentium with 64MB of RAM on to an old IDE hard disk. Although it was a PCI card rather than USB, a USB 2.0 bus runs more than twice as fast as the CPU on that machine. When I upgraded to an Athlon 750Mhz and an extra DSP Factory card, I could comfortably record 24 simultaneous tracks (it struggled a bit with more than 24 tracks due to the hard disk speed, but it could do 32 tracks albeit a bit hit and miss).
In saying that, I'd avoid Intel Atom based laptops. I've got an Atom based 1.6Ghz netbook that struggles with anything more than 2 tracks. My 2Ghz core duo however can cope with 8 tracks comfortably (I've not tried more).