DeZorganiZator, this use to happen to me with my Octa-Capture but with the Win 10 drivers all is good. I usually turn on my Octa-Capture after Win 10 had loaded so you might try that.  Also my music computer is off-line so no anti-stuff stuff running.  Also I have Win 10 updates shut off.

I hope this helps and good luck.

I'm running the January release of Platinum with a Quad Capture in ASIO mode on my laptop and everything seems to be fine. The laptop is running windows 10. 
 

Not all interfaces support WASAPI and it is certainly not as good a ASIO,  It's just better than WDM or MME. 
Here's a screen shot of my loop back test using a Tascam us1641 and a Behringer $30 USB box. You can clearly see that only ASIO mode is in sync. So it's not about latency , it's about the quality of the driver, I'm afraid Roland Interfaces are a disappointment driver wise. 

 
For those who are not aware a loop back test is a good idea to test if your driver is reporting proper latency values to SOnar. Sonar adjusts your offset to compensate for latency so your overdubs are put down in the correct place. If the offset is out of sync, all overdubs will not be in time with your midi tracks. The above is a loopback of a frozen drum hit. Note how with the TAscam WASAPI did not fare much better than MME mode. The Tascam didn't support WDM mode so it's not shown. And see the Behringer is worse than the Tascam in WASAPI. It just tolerable using it's USB Codex which is not clear what that really is as it's a Plug and Play windows driver.   

Happens to me all the time.  I just restart Windows 10, and everything is fine.
 

Thanks all for advices

I've had the quad capture for a couple of years, and this has just started to happen to me over the last month.

Same here, does not happen very often since I updated Win10 again and updated to January release.
My projects were crashing all the time and the ASIO driver would disappear.  Restart always fixed it.
 
One suggestion was to rename your aud.ini file and let Sonar rebuild a new one, not sure if that helps, but may be a good idea to do after each Sonar update ?
 
In my experience ASIO is still better than WASAPI, but I did not spend a lot of time checking it out.
 
JR

auto_da_fe
 
One suggestion was to rename your aud.ini file and let Sonar rebuild a new one, not sure if that helps, but may be a good idea to do after each Sonar update ?
 

Reset config to Defaults ... not help

it is possible maybe your devise is going in to sleep mode. / low power mode or your port is going in to sleep mode.
Have you set your Windows to run in high performance ?
 
As a test, I would unplug the unit, power down both the unit and your PC.
Plug it back in and reboot both.
 
ALSO- Make sure its in a USB 2 port and not a USB 3 port.
 
I have seen interfaces go in to sleep mode or the usb ports go in to sleep mode. not even re plugging them back in will wake it. I had an interface similar to this once and needed to power off/on every time I left it idle for more than 15 minutes or so.
 
Heres some other reads:
http://forum.cakewalk.com/Issues-with-QuadCaptureLooking-for-a-new-interface-m3176142.aspx
http://forum.cakewalk.com/Sonar-pro-stops-working-with-Roland-Quad-Capture-why-m3299784.aspx
http://forum.cakewalk.com/ROLAND-QUAD-CAPTURE-UNSEEN-BY-SONAR-X3-m3058439.aspx

Oh, no!
I just got an Octa-Capture on Saturday and ordered a second one yesterday!
Is this Windows 10 specific? (I'm still on Win7 64)